GO term | GO name | GO namespace | GO def |
GO:0000978 | RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | molecular_function | Binding to a specific upstream regulatory DNA sequence (transcription factor recognition sequence or binding site) located in cis relative to the transcription start site (i.e., on the same strand of DNA) of a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:txnOH-2018] |
GO:0000993 | RNA polymerase II complex binding | molecular_function | Binding to an RNA polymerase II core enzyme, a multisubunit eukaryotic nuclear RNA polymerase typically composed of twelve subunits. [GOC:txnOH] |
GO:0001069 | regulatory region RNA binding | molecular_function | Binding to a RNA region that regulates a nucleic acid-based process. Such processes include transcription, DNA replication, and DNA repair. [GOC:txnOH] |
GO:0003677 | DNA binding | molecular_function | Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb, GOC:vw] |
GO:0003678 | DNA helicase activity | molecular_function | Unwinding of a DNA helix, driven by ATP hydrolysis. [GOC:jl] |
GO:0003688 | DNA replication origin binding | molecular_function | Binding to a DNA replication origin, a unique DNA sequence of a replicon at which DNA replication is initiated and proceeds bidirectionally or unidirectionally. [GOC:curators] |
GO:0003690 | double-stranded DNA binding | molecular_function | Binding to double-stranded DNA. [GOC:elh, GOC:vw] |
GO:0003697 | single-stranded DNA binding | molecular_function | Binding to single-stranded DNA. [GOC:elh, GOC:vw, PMID:22976174] |
GO:0003712 | transcription coregulator activity | molecular_function | A transcription regulator activity that modulates the transcription of specific gene sets via binding to a DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factor, either on its own or as part of a complex. Coregulators often act by altering chromatin structure and modifications. For example, one class of transcription coregulators modifies chromatin structure through covalent modification of histones. A second class remodels the conformation of chromatin in an ATP-dependent fashion. A third class modulates interactions of DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factors with other transcription coregulators. [GOC:txnOH-2018, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867, PMID:24203923, PMID:25957681, Wikipedia:Transcription_coregulator] |
GO:0003713 | transcription coactivator activity | molecular_function | A transcription coregulator activity that activates or increases the transcription of specific gene sets via binding to a DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factor, either on its own or as part of a complex. Coactivators often act by altering chromatin structure and modifications. For example, one class of transcription coactivators modifies chromatin structure through covalent modification of histones. A second class remodels the conformation of chromatin in an ATP-dependent fashion. A third class modulates interactions of DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factors with other transcription coregulators. A fourth class of coactivator activity is the bridging of a DNA-binding transcription factor to the general (basal) transcription machinery. The Mediator complex, which bridges sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factors and RNA polymerase, is also a transcription coactivator. [GOC:txnOH-2018, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] |
GO:0003723 | RNA binding | molecular_function | Binding to an RNA molecule or a portion thereof. [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
GO:0003724 | RNA helicase activity | molecular_function | Unwinding of an RNA helix, driven by ATP hydrolysis. [GOC:jl, PMID:19158098] |
GO:0003725 | double-stranded RNA binding | molecular_function | Binding to double-stranded RNA. [GOC:jl] |
GO:0003727 | single-stranded RNA binding | molecular_function | Binding to single-stranded RNA. [GOC:jl] |
GO:0003729 | mRNA binding | molecular_function | Binding to messenger RNA (mRNA), an intermediate molecule between DNA and protein. mRNA includes UTR and coding sequences, but does not contain introns. [GOC:kmv, GOC:pr, SO:0000234] |
GO:0005515 | protein binding | molecular_function | Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0005524 | ATP binding | molecular_function | Binding to ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. [ISBN:0198506732] |
GO:0016887 | ATP hydrolysis activity | molecular_function | Catalysis of the reaction |
GO:0017111 | ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity | molecular_function | Catalysis of the reaction |
GO:0031490 | chromatin DNA binding | molecular_function | Binding to DNA that is assembled into chromatin. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0033679 | 3'-5' DNA/RNA helicase activity | molecular_function | Unwinding of a DNA/RNA duplex in the 3' to 5' direction, driven by ATP hydrolysis. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0034458 | 3'-5' RNA helicase activity | molecular_function | Unwinding of an RNA helix in the 3' to 5' direction, driven by ATP hydrolysis. [GOC:jp] |
GO:0035197 | siRNA binding | molecular_function | Binding to a small interfering RNA, a 21-23 nucleotide RNA that is processed from double stranded RNA (dsRNA) by an RNAse enzyme. [PMID:15066275, PMID:15066283] |
GO:0035613 | RNA stem-loop binding | molecular_function | Binding to a stem-loop in an RNA molecule. An RNA stem-loop is a secondary RNA structure consisting of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) stem and a terminal loop. [GOC:sart, PMID:16568238, PMID:20455544] |
GO:0043022 | ribosome binding | molecular_function | Binding to a ribosome. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0043138 | 3'-5' DNA helicase activity | molecular_function | Unwinding a DNA helix in the direction 5' to 3', driven by ATP hydrolysis. [EC:5.6.2.4, GOC:jl] |
GO:0045142 | triplex DNA binding | molecular_function | Binding to a DNA triple helix. The formation of triple helical DNA has been evoked in several cellular processes including transcription, replication, and recombination. [PMID:10681538] |
GO:0046872 | metal ion binding | molecular_function | Binding to a metal ion. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0047429 | nucleoside triphosphate diphosphatase activity | molecular_function | Catalysis of the reaction |
GO:0061629 | RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding | molecular_function | Binding to a sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any of the factors that interact selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. [GOC:dph, GOC:vw] |
GO:0061676 | importin-alpha family protein binding | molecular_function | Binding to a member of the importin-alpha family. [PMID:15350979, PMID:17170104, PMID:23734157] |
GO:0070063 | RNA polymerase binding | molecular_function | Binding to an RNA polymerase molecule or complex. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH] |
GO:1905172 | RISC complex binding | molecular_function | Binding to a RISC complex. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24882364] |
GO:1905538 | polysome binding | molecular_function | Binding to a polysome. [GOC:bc, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18426977] |
GO:1990518 | single-stranded 3'-5' DNA helicase activity | molecular_function | Catalysis of the reaction |
GO:1990825 | sequence-specific mRNA binding | molecular_function | Binding to messenger RNA (mRNA) of a specific nucleotide composition or a specific sequence motif. [PMID:11886857] |
GO:1990841 | promoter-specific chromatin binding | molecular_function | Binding to a section of chromatin that is associated with gene promoter sequences of DNA. [PMID:19948729] |
GO:0000380 | alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome | biological_process | The process of generating multiple mRNA molecules from a given set of exons by differential use of exons from the primary transcript(s) to form multiple mature mRNAs that vary in their exon composition. [GOC:krc, PMID:12110900] |
GO:0001649 | osteoblast differentiation | biological_process | The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an osteoblast, a mesodermal or neural crest cell that gives rise to bone. [CL:0000062, GO_REF:0000034, GOC:jid] |
GO:0006260 | DNA replication | biological_process | The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by the origin recognition complex, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0006353 | DNA-templated transcription termination | biological_process | The completion of transcription |
GO:0006357 | regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] |
GO:0006954 | inflammatory response | biological_process | The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. [GO_REF:0000022, ISBN:0198506732] |
GO:0010501 | RNA secondary structure unwinding | biological_process | The process in which a secondary structure of RNA are broken or 'melted'. [PMID:17169986] |
GO:0032508 | DNA duplex unwinding | biological_process | The process in which interchain hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA are broken or 'melted', generating a region of unpaired single strands. [GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mah] |
GO:0032727 | positive regulation of interferon-alpha production | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-alpha production. [GOC:mah, PMID:15546383] |
GO:0032728 | positive regulation of interferon-beta production | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta production. [GOC:mah, PMID:15546383] |
GO:0032741 | positive regulation of interleukin-18 production | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-18 production. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0032755 | positive regulation of interleukin-6 production | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0032760 | positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tumor necrosis factor production. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10891884, PMID:15560120] |
GO:0035195 | miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing | biological_process | A post-transcriptional gene silencing pathway in which regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) elicit silencing of specific target genes. miRNAs are endogenous 21-24 nucleotide small RNAs processed from stem-loop RNA precursors (pre-miRNAs). Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), miRNAs can downregulate protein production by either of two posttranscriptional mechanisms |
GO:0039695 | DNA-templated viral transcription | biological_process | A transcription process that uses a viral DNA as a template. [GOC:bf, GOC:jl] |
GO:0044806 | G-quadruplex DNA unwinding | biological_process | The process by which G-quadruplex (also known as G4) DNA, which is a four-stranded DNA structure held together by guanine base pairing, is unwound or 'melted'. [GOC:jl, GOC:se, PMID:23657261] |
GO:0045087 | innate immune response | biological_process | Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:ebc, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
GO:0045089 | positive regulation of innate immune response | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection. [GOC:ebc] |
GO:0045739 | positive regulation of DNA repair | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA repair. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0045740 | positive regulation of DNA replication | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0045944 | positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] |
GO:0046833 | positive regulation of RNA export from nucleus | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of directed movement of RNA from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. [GOC:bf] |
GO:0048146 | positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells. [GOC:jid] |
GO:0048511 | rhythmic process | biological_process | Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism. [GOC:jid] |
GO:0050434 | positive regulation of viral transcription | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral transcription. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0050684 | regulation of mRNA processing | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA processing, those processes involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into a mature mRNA prior to its translation into polypeptide. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0050691 | regulation of defense response to virus by host | biological_process | Any host process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the antiviral response of a host cell or organism. [GOC:ai, GOC:dph] |
GO:0050729 | positive regulation of inflammatory response | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0051028 | mRNA transport | biological_process | The directed movement of mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0051092 | positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:15087454, PMID:15170030] |
GO:0060760 | positive regulation of response to cytokine stimulus | biological_process | Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of a response to cytokine stimulus. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
GO:0065003 | protein-containing complex assembly | biological_process | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a protein-containing complex. [GOC:jl] |
GO:0070269 | pyroptosis | biological_process | A caspase-1-dependent cell death subroutine that is associated with the generation of pyrogenic mediators such as IL-1beta and IL-18. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:18846107, PMID:21760595] |
GO:0070922 | RISC complex assembly | biological_process | The process in which a single-stranded small RNA is incorporated within the RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC). The assembly includes the maturation of the small RNA, the stabilization of the complex by accessory proteins of the RISC complex, duplex separation and the release of the second strand, forming a base-pairing completent complex that mediates gene silencing by small RNA. [PMID:14512631, PMID:14744438, PMID:19239886, PMID:22233755, PMID:27184117] |
GO:0070934 | CRD-mediated mRNA stabilization | biological_process | An mRNA stabilization process in which one or more RNA-binding proteins associate with a sequence in the open reading frame called the coding region instability determinant (CRD). [GOC:mah, PMID:19029303] |
GO:0071356 | cellular response to tumor necrosis factor | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tumor necrosis factor stimulus. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0071360 | cellular response to exogenous dsRNA | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an exogenous double-stranded RNA stimulus. [GOC:mah] |
GO:1900152 | negative regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay | biological_process | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay. [GOC:mcc, GOC:TermGenie] |
GO:1903608 | protein localization to cytoplasmic stress granule | biological_process | A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a cytoplasmic stress granule. [GO_REF:0000087, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24755092] |
GO:1904973 | positive regulation of viral translation | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral translation. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:bhm, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19666601] |
GO:2000373 | positive regulation of DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity. [GOC:mah] |
GO:2000765 | regulation of cytoplasmic translation | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translation. [GOC:obol] |
GO:2000767 | positive regulation of cytoplasmic translation | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translation. [GOC:obol] |
GO:0005634 | nucleus | cellular_component | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0005654 | nucleoplasm | cellular_component | That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. [GOC:ma, ISBN:0124325653] |
GO:0005726 | perichromatin fibrils | cellular_component | Structures of variable diameter visible in the nucleoplasm by electron microscopy, mainly observed near the border of condensed chromatin. The fibrils are enriched in RNA, and are believed to be sites of pre-mRNA splicing and polyadenylylation representing the in situ form of nascent transcripts. [PMID:14731598] |
GO:0005730 | nucleolus | cellular_component | A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome. [ISBN:0198506732] |
GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | cellular_component | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684] |
GO:0005813 | centrosome | cellular_component | A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] |
GO:0005829 | cytosol | cellular_component | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl] |
GO:0015629 | actin cytoskeleton | cellular_component | The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172, ISBN:0815316194] |
GO:0016020 | membrane | cellular_component | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
GO:0016604 | nuclear body | cellular_component | Extra-nucleolar nuclear domains usually visualized by confocal microscopy and fluorescent antibodies to specific proteins. [GOC:ma, PMID:10330182] |
GO:0036464 | cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule | cellular_component | A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:15121898] |
GO:0070937 | CRD-mediated mRNA stability complex | cellular_component | A protein complex that binds to, and promotes stabilization of, mRNA molecules containing the coding region instability determinant (CRD). In human, it may consist of IGF2BP1, HNRNPU, SYNCRIP/HNRNPQ, YBX1, and DHX9. [GOC:mah, PMID:19029303] |
GO:0097165 | nuclear stress granule | cellular_component | A dense aggregation in the nucleus composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress. [GOC:ans, PMID:10359787, PMID:12865437] |
GO:0016442 | RISC complex | cellular_component | A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains members of the Argonaute family of proteins, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or microRNAs (miRNAs), and miRNA or siRNA-complementary mRNAs, in addition to a number of accessory factors. The RISC complex is involved in posttranscriptional repression of gene expression through downregulation of translation or induction of mRNA degradation. [PMID:10749213, PMID:15145345] |
GO:0032991 | protein-containing complex | cellular_component | A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah] |
GO:0070578 | RISC-loading complex | cellular_component | A trimeric protein complex required for the formation of a mature RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). In humans the complex is composed of the endonuclease Dicer (DICER1), TRBP (TARBP2) and the Argonaute protein Ago2 (EIF2C2/AGO2). Within the complex, Dicer and TRBP are required to process precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) to mature miRNAs and then load them onto Ago2. Ago2 bound to the mature miRNA constitutes the minimal RISC and may subsequently dissociate from Dicer and TRBP. This complex has endoribonuclease activity. [GOC:ab, GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, GOC:rph, PMID:18178619, PMID:19820710] |
GO:1990904 | ribonucleoprotein complex | cellular_component | A macromolecular complex that contains both RNA and protein molecules. [GOC:krc, GOC:vesicles] |
GO:0005622 | intracellular anatomical structure | cellular_component | A component of a cell contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. [ISBN:0198506732] |